Tenant rents a single-family home and the lease began on February 1st and continues month-to-month thereafter. This is referred to as:

The correct description for a lease that begins on a specific date and continues on a monthly basis thereafter is referred to as periodic tenancy. This type of tenancy allows the lease term to roll over automatically at the end of each period (in this case, each month) until either party gives notice to terminate the agreement.

Periodic tenancy is characterized by its flexible duration, which can be established in terms of days, weeks, months, or years. In the situation you've described, since the tenancy starts on February 1st and then transitions to a month-to-month arrangement, it exemplifies a monthly periodic tenancy.

A year-to-year tenancy, on the other hand, specifically requires a one-year commitment before it can be terminated. Tenancy at sufferance occurs when a tenant stays in a property without the landlord's consent after the lease has expired, and tenancy in common relates to a form of ownership where two or more individuals own a property together, rather than a type of lease arrangement.